Shah Jahan 1627-1658
Shah Jahan 1627-1658
Shah Jahan 1627-1658: Shah Jahan led successful military campaigns against Mewar, Kangra and the Deccan kingdoms. He sent his son Aurangzeb to subdue the ruler of Bundelkhand at Orcha. Shah Jahan then went to Bengal to put down the growing power of the Portuguese. The Portuguese were carrying out illegal trading activities and were believed to be forcibly converting people to Christianity. More than 10,000 Portuguese were killed and many imprisoned. There was an outbreak of famine and plague in the Deccan, Gujarat and Khandesh. Shah Jahan made extensive arrangements to help reduce the sufferings of the people.
Mughal campaigns continued in the Deccan under shah Jahan. The afghan noble khan Jahan Lodi rebelled and was defeated. Campaigns were launched against Ahmadnagar. The bundles were defeated and Orchha seized. In 1632 Ahmadnagar was finally annexed and the Bijapur forces sued for peace. In 1657-1658, there was conflict over succession amongst Shah Jahan’S sons. Including Dara Shukoh, were killed. Shah Jahan was imprisoned for the rest of his life in Agra.
The Administration of Shah Jahan: Shah Jahan restored the ‘Mansabdari’ system started by Akbar, which had fallen into disuse in Jahangir’s time. He managed to cut the rates of pay of the mansabdars and insisted on a definite number of troops from them.
The End of Shah Jahan’S Rule: In 1657 CE, Shah Jahan fell seriously ill. His four sons, Dara Shikoh, Shuja, Murad and Aurangzeb, battled for the right to succeed their father. Aurangzeb emerged the winner. The Agra Fort with all its treasures was surrended to Aurangzeb, who made his father a prisoner for life. Shah Jahan died at the age of 74 in 1666 CE.s
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